逆升压电子设备冷却系统的微机控制

逆升压电子设备冷却系统具有两种冷却方式─—冲压空气冷却方式和空气循环冷却方式，必须要有一套控制机构来自动选择系统的冷却方式。文中分析了以往的机械传动控制方法和基于三点温度的微机控制方法，并指出这两种控制方法的缺点。最后提出一种新的基于飞行高度及马赫数的微机控制方法。     

穿透式冷板的传热分析

对航空电子设备上采用的空心冷板冷却系统的传热特性进行了分析求解，得到了空心冷板稳态温度分布表达工和功率－温度－流量关系式，可作为空心冷板系统的设计依据，建立了空心冷板失效的动态温度模型，得到的温度－时间响应特性可用于评估冷板系统耐热冲击性能。     

计及摩擦时层合板孔内轴销的应力和位移分析

为解决含圆孔层合板在孔内轴销加载下的孔边应力问题，提出一个计及接触摩擦效应的弹性轴销模型，摩擦系数假设为沿接边界按正弦规律变化，在此基础上，采用弹性理论的一般方法，分析了轴销的应力和位移，为有效地解决有载孔层合板孔边应力问题提供了解析基础。     

Thermal-structural analysis of regenerativelycooled thrust chamber wall in reusable LOX/Methane rocket engines

To predict the thermal and structural responses of the thrust chamber wall under cyclic work,a 3-D fluid-structural coupling computational methodology is developed.The thermal and mechanical loads are determined by a validated 3-D finite volume fluid-thermal coupling computational method.With the specified loads,the nonlinear thermal-structural finite element analysis is applied to obtaining the 3-D thermal and structural responses.The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model calibrated by experimental data is adopted to predict the cyclic plastic behavior of the inner wall.The methodology is further applied to the thrust chamber of LOX/Methane rocket engines.The results show that both the maximum temperature at hot run phase and the maximum circumferential residual strain of the inner wall appear at the convergent part of the chamber.Struc tural analysis for multiple work cycles reveals that the failure of the inner wall may be controlled by the low-cycle fatigue when the Chaboche model parameter γ3 =0,and the damage caused by the thermal-mechanical ratcheting of the inner wall cannot be ignored when γ3 ＞ 0.The results of sen sitivity analysis indicate that mechanical loads have a strong influence on the strains in the inner wall.     

Numerical simulations of water spray on flame deflector during the four-engine rocket launching

This paper aims to study on the cooling effect with two types of water spray nozzle on the flame deflector during the four-engine launch vehicle take-off. To accurately simulate the two-phase flow of the rocket gas with multispecies and the water spray, the three-dimensional compressible Navier-Stokes equations, discrete ordinates methods and realizable k-Ɛ turbulence model are used to establish the rocket supersonic plumes impact model. The Eulerian dispersed phase (EDP) model was used to simulate the water spray into the exhaust gas. The accuracy and effectiveness of the gas-liquid flow model are verified by a good agreement between simulation results and experimental data. On this basis, a series of numerical simulation studies under different water injection position are performed. The results show that the high temperature regions, along the axis of engines on the deflector plate, have no significant temperature decreasing effect by water spray from the nozzles mounted on the apex of the deflector, and the high temperature converts a large quantity of water into vapor near the plume boundary, which would decrease the flow conductivity. With the cooling spray nozzle fixed directly to the deflector plate, the temperature decrease effect is obvious and the effect of thermal shock on deflector plate induced by exhaust plume is reduced, so that it can prevent the flame deflector from thermal ablation. The study results provide indepth information and engineering guidance for designing the water spray systems and increasing the safety of the launch process.     

高主流湍流度下密度比对涡轮导叶全气膜冷却特性的影响

为了研究高主流湍流度下二次流密度比对涡轮导叶全气膜冷却特性的影响,使用热色液晶测量了在主流湍流度为15%,二次流密度比为1.0和1.5下三维涡轮导叶的气膜冷却效率和换热系数。二次流与主流质量流量比为7.0%和12.5%。结果表明:二次流密度比增大可以降低冷气射流的动量,小流量比工况下,在叶片前缘和压力面前半段,动量较低的二次流在高主流湍流度的影响下更易耗散,增大二次流密度比使冷却效率明显降低;大流量比工况下,二次流动量降低使气膜孔后区域冷气贴附性增强,气膜冷却效率和冷气覆盖效果均得到提升。小流量比工况下,二次流密度比增大对叶片表面换热的影响较小;大流量比工况下,二次流密度比增大使吸力面中弦区域和压力面后半段的平均换热系数比分别降低15%和25%。     

二氧化硅过渡层表面开口孔面积对层合玻璃力学性能影响

研究二氧化硅过渡层表面开口孔的大小对航空层合玻璃力学性能的影响.利用扫描电镜测试分析多孔二氧化硅过渡层的表面开口孔形貌,利用万能试验机测试含多孔二氧化硅过渡层的层合玻璃中无机玻璃/聚氨酯界面的剪切强度.以实验获得的开口孔形状为依据,以ANSYS软件建立含多孔二氧化硅过渡层的层合玻璃有限元实体模型,模拟获得不同孔面积条件下的多孔二氧化硅/聚氨酯界面的张应力.结果表明:随着多孔二氧化硅孔面积的增加,层合玻璃中无机玻璃/聚氨酯界面的剪切强度先迅速增大后缓慢降低;当单孔面积为52.61 μm2时,制备的层合玻璃有较好的力学性能.     

无沸腾区机载喷雾冷却实验关联式研究

主要开展4种不同结构热沉表面无沸腾区机载喷雾冷却实验关联式的研究.在总结前人工作经验并搭建实验台完成实验的基础上,提出了影响喷雾冷却性能的4个无量纲参数,且通过实验数据处理得到各个热沉表面的努塞尔数无量纲关联式.给出的光滑热沉表面实验关联式的预测值与实验值偏差在±8.5%以内,并分析了各个量纲对实验关联式精度的影响.对于钻孔表面,引入传热强化系数对关联式进行修正,使得关联式的预测值能够落在偏差±15%内.另外单独给出了槽道热沉表面的实验关联式,该关联式不受槽道结构及数量的影响,且适用于水、盐类及醇类溶液.      

塞锥气膜冷却对二元塞式喷管红外特征的影响

为了研究二元塞式喷管塞锥壁面多斜孔气膜冷却对喷管红外特征的影响,设计了带冷却结构的喷管试验模型,测量了吹风比从0增加到1时的塞锥壁面温度、喷管出口截面处喷流温度以及喷管红外辐射强度.结果表明：随着吹风比的增加,气膜冷却效率逐渐提高,最大达到0.68;喷管出口截面在中心区域喷流的温度逐渐降低,最大降幅为14%;喷管红外辐射强度逐渐降低,在0°方位角上最大降低52.8%,在90°方位角上最大降低13%.     

新型翅片式减涡器减阻特性数值研究

为了降低压气机径向引气过程中的压力损失,在设计出新型翅片单元结构的基础上,研究了新型翅片单元结构对径向引气压力损失的影响规律,对不同转速、新型翅片结构的去旋系统开展了数值研究,得到了不同工况下压气机共转盘腔径向引气的流场结构及压力损失分布曲线。研究结构表明:新型翅片单元结构能够抑制盘腔内气流旋流比,降低引气压力损失;翅片单元通道宽度和高度均存在最佳值使得减涡器减阻效果较好,在优选结构翅片单元通道宽度L=0.78,通道高度R3=0.97的条件下,其减阻效果较简单盘腔模型提高86.5%。高低翅片结构能起到较好的减阻效果,随着单侧翅片高度的升高减阻效果逐渐增强,在本文结构下增加单侧翅片高度L1=0.3时减阻效果最优,且A侧或B侧翅片增加带来的减阻效益相同。一方面,最优高低翅片结构其减阻性能相比于简单盘腔模型、典型翅片式减涡器模型以及翅片单元通道宽度L=0.78,通道高度R3=0.97的结构模型分别提高87.5%,29%,7.8%;另一方面,最优高低翅片结构能够减轻翅片单元的质量,具有较高的工程应用价值。